REAL ESTATE TERMS

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

E ---


EARNEST MONEY

a deposit made by a purchaser of real estate to evidence good faith.

EASEMENT

the right, privilege, or interest that one party has in the land of another.

EASEMENT BY NECESSITY

the right of an owner to cross over another's property for a special necessary purpose.

EASEMENT BY PRESCRIPTION

continued use of another's property for a special purpose can ripen into a permanent use if conditions are met.

EASTLAKE HOUSE

a nineteenth-century-style house with three-dimensional ornamentation made with a chisel, gouge, and lathe rather than the scroll saw. Many of the parts of the ornamentation resemble furniture legs and knobs. This distinctive type of ornamentation is the major characteristic of this style and separates the Eastlake-style house from the Queen

ECONOMIC BASE

industry within a geographic market area that provides employment opportunities that are essential to support the community.

ECONOMIC DEPRECIATION

loss of value from all causes outside the property itself.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

ECONOMIC LIFE

that remaining period for which real estate improvements are expected to generate more income than operating expenses cost.

ECONOMIC OBSOLESCENCE

same as economic depreciation.

ECONOMIC RENT

1. in economics, the cost commanded by a factor that is unique or inelastic in supply. 2. in appraisal, the market rent. Contrast with contract rent

EFFECTIVE AGE

the age of a property based on the amount of wear and tear it has sustained. Contrast with actual age.

EFFECTIVE GROSS INCOME

for income-producing property, potential gross income, less a vacancy and collection

EFFECTIVE RATE

the true rate of return considering all relevant financing expenses.

EFFICIENCY RATIO

the proportion of a building's area that is leasable space.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

EFFICIENCY UNIT OR APARTMENT

a small dwelling unit, often consisting of a single room, within a multifamily structure. In most cases, kitchen and bath facilities are not complete.

EGRESS

access from a land parcel to a public road or other means of exit.

EJECTMENT

action to regain possession of real property, when there is no lease.

ELIZABETHAN OR HALF TIMBER STYLE

an English-style 2- or 21/2 story house, often with part of the second story overhanging the first. It has less tone work and is less fortlike than the Tudor. Stone and stucco walls with half timbers are most common.

ELLWOOD TECHNIQUE

in the appraisal of mortgaged income property, a technique used to estimate the present value of the property. The appraiser determines and discounts to a present value the annual cash flow to the equity owner and the expected resale proceeds. Those amounts are added together to derive the equity value, then added to the mortgage balance to offer a property value estimate. The late L. W. Ellwood provided capitalization rate tables that accelerate the process.

EMBLEMENT

a growing crop. Annual crops are generally considered personal property

EMINENT DOMAIN

the right of the government or a public utility to acquire property for necessary public use by condemnation; the owner must be fairly compensated.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

EMPTY NESTERS

a couple whose children have established separate households; important segment of the housing market, since empty nesters often seek to reduce the amount of housing space they occupy. Thus empty nesters are one source of demand for smaller housing units.

ENCROACHMENT

a building, a part of a building, or an obstruction that physically intrudes upon, overlaps, or trespasses upon the property of another.

ENCUMBRANCE

any right to or interest in land that affects its value. Includes outstanding mortgage loans, unpaid taxes, easements, deed restrictions.

END LOAN

same as permanent mortgage.

ENDORSEMENT

1. the act of signing one's name, as the payee, on the back of a check or note, with or without further qualification; the signature itself 2. offering support or credibility to a statement.

ENERGY EFFICIENT

as applied to buildings, generally indicating the existence of extra insulation, weatherproofing, and/or special features and equipment designed to reduce the cost of energy for heating, co671ing and hot water.

ENERGY TAX CREDITS

a reduction in income tax, generally based on the cost of installing insulation and other energy-saving devices. Note: At the federal level, energy tax credits generally expired before 1987 and were not renewed by the 1986 Tax Act.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

ENTITY

the legal form under which property is owned.

ENTREPRENEUR

an individual who generates business activity. A businessman or businesswoman. Often associated with one who takes business risks.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS)

an analysis of the expected effects of a development or action on the surrounding natural and fabricated environment. Such statements are required for many federally supported developments under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)

an agency of the U.S. government established to enforce federal pollution abatement laws and to implement various pollution prevention programs.

EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT

a federal law, enacted in 1974, to discourage discrimination by lenders on the basis of sex or marital status. Amended in 1976 to prohibit discrimination on the basis of age, race, color, religion, national origin, or receipt of public assistance.

EQUALIZATION BOARD

a government agency that determines the fairness of taxes levied against properties.

EQUITABLE CONVERSION

a legal doctrine in some states in which, under a contract of sale, buyers and sellers are treated as though the closing had taken place in that the seller in possession has an obligation to take care of the property.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

EQUITABLE TITLE

the interest held by one who has agreed to purchase but has not yet closed the transaction.

EQUITY

the interest or value that the owner has in real estate over and above the liens against it.

EQUITY BUILDUP

the gradual increase in a mortgagor's equity in a property caused by amortization of loan principal.

EQUITY DIVIDEND

the annual cash flow that an equity investor receives.

EQUITY OF REDEMPTION

the right of an owner to redeem property securing a loan that has been accelerated prior to fore- closure.

EQUITY PARTICIPATION

same as participation mortgage.

EQUITY YIELD RATE

the rate of return on the equity portion of an investment, taking into account periodic cash flow and the proceeds from resale. Considers the timing and amounts of cash flow after annual debt service, but not income taxes.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

EROSION

the gradual wearing away of land through processes of nature, as by streams and winds.

ERRORS AND OMISSIONS INSURANCE

liability protection against professional malpractice, mistakes in business dealings by insured, etc.

ESCALATOR CLAUSE

a provision in a lease that requires the tenant to pay more rent based on an increase in costs. Same as stop clause.

ESCAPE CLAUSE

a provision in a contract that allows one or more of the parties to cancel all or part of the contract if certain events or situations do or do not happen.

ESCHEAT

the reversion of property to the state in the event that the owner dies without leaving a will and has no legal heirs.

ESCROW

an agreement between 2 or more parties providing that certain instruments or property be placed with a third party for safekeeping, pending the fulfillment or performance of a specified act or condition.

ESCROW ACCOUNT

same as trust account
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

ESCROW AGENT

any person engaged in the business of receiving escrows for deposit or delivery.

ESCROW CLOSING

ten-n meaning the same as closing, especially in states where deeds of trust are used instead of mortgages.

ESTATE

the degree, nature, and extent of interest that a person has in real property.

ESTATE AT SUFFERANCE

the wrongful occupancy of property by a tenant after the lease has expired.

ESTATE AT WILL

the occupation of real estate by a tenant for an indefinite Period, terminable by one or both parties at will.

ESTATE FOR LIFE

an interest in Property that terminates upon the death of a specified person.

ESTATE FOR YEARS

an interest in land allowing Possession for a specified and limited time.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

ESTATE IN REVERSION

an estate left by the grantor for himself or herself, to begin after the termination of some particular estate granted by him or her.

ESTATE TAX

a tax based on the value of property left by the deceased. Since 1987, the estate and gift tax laws exempt approximately $600,000 of property.

ESTOPPEL

a doctrine of law that stops one from later denying facts which that person once acknowledged were true and others accepted on good faith.

ESTOPPEL CERTIFICATE

a document by which the mortgagor (borrower) certifies that the mortgage debt is a lien for the amount stated. The debtor is thereafter prevented from claiming that the balance due differs from the amount stated.

ESTOVERS

the legally supported right to take necessities from property. Contrast with waste.

ET AL

abbreviation of the Latin et alii "and others.'

ET CON

abbreviation of the Latin et conjunx. Legal term signifying "and husband."
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

ET UX

abbreviation of the Latin et axor, which means "and wife."

EVALUATION

a study of potential property uses, but not to determine its present value.

EVICTION

a legal proceeding by a lessor (landlord) to recover possession of property.

EVICTION, ACTUAL

exists where one is removed from the property, either by force or by process of law.

EVICTION, CONSTRUCTIVE

exists when, through the fault of the landlord, physical conditions of the property render it unfit for the purpose for which it was leased.

EVICTION, PARTIAL

exists where the possessor of the property, such as a tenant, is deprived of a portion thereof.

EVIDENCE OF TITLE

documents, such as deeds, that demonstrate ownership.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

EXAMINATION OF TITLE

research of the title to a piece of real estate; less thorough than a title search, usually concentrates on recent records.

EXCESS ACCELERATED DEPRECIATION

the accumulated difference between accelerated depreciation claimed for tax purposes and what straight-line depreciation would have been. Generally, excess accelerated depreciation is recaptured (taxed) as ordinary income upon a sale, instead of receiving more favorable capital gains treatment.

EXCESS RENT

when the rent of an existing lease exceeds the rental rate on comparable existing space. Should the lease expire or the tenant break the lease, the new rate will probably be at market rates.

EXCHANGE

under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code, likekind property used in a trade or business or held as an investment can be exchanged tax-free.

EXCLUSIVE AGENCY LISTING

employment contract giving only one broker for a specified time, the right to sell the property and also allowing the owner alone to sell the property without paying a commission.

EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO SELL LISTING

employment contract giving the broker the right to collect commission if the property is sold by anyone, including the owner, during the term of the agreement.

EXCULPATORY CLAUSE

a provision in a mortgage allowing the borrower to surrender the property to the lender without personal liability for the loan.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

EXCUTED CONTRACT

a contract whose terms have been completely fulfilled.

EXECUTE

to sign a contract; sometimes, to Perform a cOlItIO4 fully.

EXECUTOR

a person named in a will to carry out its provisions for the disposition of the estate.

EXECUTORY CONTRACT

a contract under which one or more parties has not yet performed.

EXECUTRIX

a woman who Performs the duties of an executor.

EXEMPTION

an amount provided by law that reduces taxable . income or taxable value.

EXPENSE RATIO

a comparison of the operating expenses to potential gross income. This ratio can be compared over time and with that of other properties to determine the relative operating efficiency of the property considered.
Back to top -- View New Home Listings

EXPOSURE (MARKET)

the advertising, whether free or paid, of property that is for sale.

EXTENDED COVERAGE

insurance that covers specific incidences normally excluded from standard insurance policies.

EXTENSION

an agreement between 2 parties to extend the time period specified in a contract

Featured New Home

Featured New Home

Featured Mortgage Brokers